Evaluation of engineering properties and environmental effect of recycled waste tire-sand/soil in geotechnical engineering: A compressive review

The disposal of waste tire has caused a significant health and environmental problem around the world. Nearly 1 billion tons of tires are discarded each year. Among the discarded tires, only a very small portion is recycled, and most of them are discarded in garbage or landfills without any safe treatment. In the past decades, waste tires have been used in various geotechnical engineering applications, such as subgrade backfilling, landfill, retaining wall and slope reinforcement and etc. The paper shows a comprehensive review on the engineering properties and environmental effects of recycled waste tire - sand/soil mixtures. The engineering properties of different types of recycled waste tire - soil/sand mixtures, including compression and deformation behavior, shearing properties, dynamic features, and thermal/microstructural characteristics, are investigated. In addition, the environmental concerns, such as the leachability of waste tires in soils and/or water are examined based on the literature. Overall, the comprehensive review indicates that the re-utilization of recycled waste tire - soil/sand mixtures in geotechnical engineering is promising.