Review of underwater optical communication system

From deep oceans to coastal waterways, UOWC offers a wide range of possible uses. However, the most significant obstacle to underwater wireless communication is the fundamental properties of ocean or sea water; overcoming these obstacles necessitates a deep understanding of complicated physio-chemical biological systems. The major goal of this article is to determine the feasibility and dependability of high data rate underwater optical connections in light of different propagation phenomena that affect the system's performance. This article gives a comprehensive review of current UOWC developments. UOWC-specific noise sources, channel characterization, modulation methods, coding approaches, and different noise sources are all covered. This article intends to give not only comprehensive research in underwater optical communication, but also the creation of new concepts that will aid in the future expansion of underwater communication. All of this has spurred the rise of underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC), which provides faster data rates and lower power consumption than traditional acoustic communication systems, as well as lesser computing complexity for short-range wireless communications. UOWC has a wide range of applications, from deep seas to coastal rivers. The basic characteristics of ocean or sea water, on the other hand, are the most important impediment to underwater wireless communication; overcoming these difficulties requires a thorough understanding of complex physio-chemical biological systems.