Does 8 weeks of strenuous bicycle exercise improve diabetes-related inflammatory cytokines and free fatty acids in type 2 diabetes patients and individuals at high-risk of metabolic syndrome?

In the present study, the effects of 8 weeks of low volume high intensity interval training (HIIT) was investigated on circulating diabetes-related cytokines and free fatty acids (FFA) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and matched controls (CON). Methods: Participants exercised for 8 weeks (3 weekly sessions: 10 × 60 sec HIIT) on a cycle ergometer supervised by medical staff. Prior to the intervention and after the last HIIT session, venous blood samples were collected.Results: Circulating omentin-1 concentrations increased significantly in both the CON-group (p = 0.003) and in the T2D-group (p = 0.002). Pentraxin-3 (p = 0.010) and IL-1ra (p = 0.031) levels increased significantly in the CON-group. Plasma FFA in the T2D-group was significantly reduced after 60 min (p = 0.011). Post HIIT area under curve of circulating FFAs was reduced by −17.73 ± 6.99% (p = 0.041) in the T2D-group. Conclusion: We observed only modest exercise-induced improvements of multiple diabetes-related cytokines. Circulating levels of FFAs were significantly lowered in the T2D-group.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02333734.