Metal organic frameworks with immobilized nanoparticles: Synthesis and applications in photocatalytic hydrogen generation and energy storage

Composite materials consisting of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and immobilized nanoparticles (NP@MOFs) are in a burgeoning area of materials research. The blend of high porosity, modifiability, and surface area of MOFs integrated with catalytically active nanoparticles offers unique functionality and versatility. This short review offers a concise overview associated with NP@MOFs. Introduction to NP@MOFs include comment and exemplification of two categories of synthetic strategies, i.e., “ship-in-a-bottle” strategy and “bottle-around-the-ship” strategy. Applications correlated to photocatalytic hydrogen generation, hydrogen gas storage, as well as lithium-ion battery electrodes have also been reviewed. At last, the current challenges and opportunities involving synthesis protocols and energy-related applications are given.