e-HRM: A meta-analysis of the antecedents, consequences, and cross-national moderators

Using information technology, a growing number of companies have adopted a digital approach to human resource management (i.e., e-HRM). This meta-analytic review systematically integrates research on the antecedents, consequences, and moderators of e-HRM. Our results show that system usefulness, organizational resources, users' knowledge, and social influence could facilitate the adoption of e-HRM; in addition to the technology, organization, and people factors, the social factor can also predict e-HRM adoption and has incremental validity in predicting e-HRM adoption after controlling for the other three factors. Further, the findings indicate that e-HRM positively relates to the overall organizational performance as well as three specific organizational performance categories and that the predictive power of e-HRM for organizations' operational performance is significantly higher than that for their relational performance and transformational performance. Furthermore, the findings also show that the positive link between e-HRM and organizational performance is stronger in countries with higher ICT development levels and countries with lower human capital quality. The theoretical and practical implications for future research and e-HRM practitioners are discussed.