Flexible thermoelectric materials and devices: From materials to applications

With the ever-growing development of multifunctional and miniature electronics, the exploring of high-power microwatt-milliwatt self-charging technology is highly essential. Flexible thermoelectric materials and devices, utilizing small temperature difference to generate electricity, exhibit great potentials to provide the continuous power supply for wearable and implantable electronics. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of flexible thermoelectric materials, including conducting polymers, organic/inorganic hybrid composites, and fully inorganic materials. The strategies and approaches for enhancing the thermoelectric properties of different flexible materials are detailed overviewed. Besides, we highlight the advanced strategies for the design of mechanical robust flexible thermoelectric devices. In the end, we point out the challenges and outlook for the future development of flexible thermoelectric materials and devices.