The relationship between depressive symptoms and activity of daily living disability among the elderly: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

The acceleration of population aging has brought an unprecedented impact on China's health system. This study is designed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and activity of daily living disability among the elderly in China. This is a cross-sectional study. Data were drawn from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression (CES-D) scale was used to access depressive symptoms, and physical function was assessed by the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) scale. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between depressive symptoms and ADL among the elderly. Based on a sample of 5863 elderly people over 60 years old, our results showed that 1999 elderly people are with depressive symptoms, accounting for 34.1%. The mean score of ADL among the elderly with depressive symptoms (20.65 ± 7.14) was much higher than that in those without depressive symptoms (17.40 ± 4.87). After controlling potential confounders, multivariate logistic regression showed that ADL and its specific domains including personal care, transfer, medical care, household, and managing money were associated with depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional study provides evidence of the association between depressive symptoms and ADL disability among the Chinese elderly. As a result, prevention or reduction of ADL disability may have a positive effect on the medical care of the elderly with depressive symptoms.