Dysbacteriosis of the intestine in our country is a common clinical and laboratory phenomenon. Discussion remains about the ways of correcting dysbiotic disorders, especially against the background of antibiotic therapy. Polycomponent probiotics containing enterococci have gained wide popularity, however, the evidence base for their effectiveness and safety is contradictory. We have presented a clinical observation of the case of enterogenic bacteremia caused by Enterococcus faecium in a newborn with congenital surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity with a probiotic. Risk factors for bacteraemia were the inconsistency of the intestinal barrier and transient immunodeficiency.