How does chunking help working memory?

组块(心理学) 计算机科学 发音抑制 召回 工作记忆 序列位置效应 自然语言处理 短时记忆 人工智能 免费召回 语音识别 认知 认知心理学 心理学 神经科学
作者
Mirko Thalmann,Alessandra S. Souza,Klaus Oberauer
出处
期刊:Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition [American Psychological Association]
卷期号:45 (1): 37-55 被引量:137
标识
DOI:10.1037/xlm0000578
摘要

Chunking is the recoding of smaller units of information into larger, familiar units. Chunking is often assumed to help bypassing the limited capacity of working memory (WM). We investigate how chunks are used in WM tasks, addressing three questions: (a) Does chunking reduce the load on WM? Across four experiments chunking benefits were found not only for recall of the chunked but also of other not-chunked information concurrently held in WM, supporting the assumption that chunking reduces load. (b) Is the chunking benefit independent of chunk size? The chunking benefit was independent of chunk size only if the chunks were composed of unique elements, so that each chunk could be replaced by its first element (Experiment 1), but not when several chunks consisted of overlapping sets of elements, disabling this replacement strategy (Experiments 2 and 3). The chunk-size effect is not due to differences in rehearsal duration as it persisted when participants were required to perform articulatory suppression (Experiment 3). Hence, WM capacity is not limited to a fixed number of chunks regardless of their size. (c) Does the chunking benefit depend on the serial position of the chunk? Chunks in early list positions improved recall of other, not-chunked material, but chunks at the end of the list did not. We conclude that a chunk reduces the load on WM via retrieval of a compact chunk representation from long-term memory that replaces the representations of individual elements of the chunk. This frees up capacity for subsequently encoded material. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
大幅提高文件上传限制,最高150M (2024-4-1)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
星辰大海应助王翎力采纳,获得10
1秒前
sinlar发布了新的文献求助10
1秒前
2秒前
扬子江发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
研友_LjDyNZ发布了新的文献求助20
2秒前
waoller1发布了新的文献求助10
4秒前
半。。发布了新的文献求助10
4秒前
6秒前
大仙完成签到,获得积分20
8秒前
8秒前
8秒前
9秒前
jojo完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
11秒前
烟花应助博林大师采纳,获得10
11秒前
11秒前
cheung完成签到,获得积分0
13秒前
jojo发布了新的文献求助10
13秒前
怕黑海冬发布了新的文献求助10
13秒前
默默诗云发布了新的文献求助10
14秒前
15秒前
慧妞完成签到 ,获得积分10
15秒前
15秒前
15秒前
两元小黄发布了新的文献求助10
16秒前
16秒前
16秒前
隔壁小王完成签到 ,获得积分10
17秒前
18秒前
独特觅翠发布了新的文献求助10
18秒前
小冯发布了新的文献求助10
18秒前
来碗米饭完成签到,获得积分10
20秒前
Qiu完成签到,获得积分10
20秒前
李健的小迷弟应助小冯采纳,获得50
21秒前
21秒前
21秒前
21秒前
22秒前
annielam发布了新的文献求助10
22秒前
科目三应助丫丫采纳,获得10
22秒前
高分求助中
Sustainability in Tides Chemistry 2800
The Young builders of New china : the visit of the delegation of the WFDY to the Chinese People's Republic 1000
юрские динозавры восточного забайкалья 800
English Wealden Fossils 700
Foreign Policy of the French Second Empire: A Bibliography 500
Chen Hansheng: China’s Last Romantic Revolutionary 500
XAFS for Everyone 500
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 医学 生物 材料科学 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 基因 遗传学 催化作用 物理化学 免疫学 量子力学 细胞生物学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3145145
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 2796529
关于积分的说明 7820187
捐赠科研通 2452829
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1305278
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 627448
版权声明 601449