表观遗传学
生物标志物
疾病
生物信息学
个性化医疗
医学
生物标志物发现
计算生物学
计算机科学
风险分析(工程)
生物
病理
蛋白质组学
遗传学
基因
作者
José Luis García‐Giménez,Marta Seco-Cervera,Trygve O. Tollefsbol,Carlos Romá-Mateo,Lorena Peiró-Chova,Pablo Lapunzina,Federico V. Pallardó
标识
DOI:10.1080/10408363.2017.1410520
摘要
Epigenetic modifications and regulators represent potential molecular elements which control relevant physiological and pathological features, thereby contributing to the natural history of human disease. These epigenetic modulators can be employed as disease biomarkers, since they show several advantages and provide information about gene function, thus explaining differences among patient endophenotypes. In addition, epigenetic biomarkers can incorporate information regarding the effects of the environment and lifestyle on health and disease, and monitor the effect of applied therapies. Technologies used to analyze these epigenetic biomarkers are constantly improving, becoming much easier to use. Laboratory professionals can easily acquire experience and techniques are becoming more affordable. A high number of epigenetic biomarker candidates are being continuously proposed, making now the moment to adopt epigenetics in the clinical laboratory and convert epigenetic marks into reliable biomarkers. In this review, we describe some current promising epigenetic biomarkers and technologies being applied in clinical practice. Furthermore, we will discuss some laboratory strategies and kits to accelerate the adoption of epigenetic biomarkers into clinical routine. The likelihood is that over time, better markers will be identified and will likely be incorporated into future multi-target assays that might help to optimize its application in a clinical laboratory. This will improve cost-effectiveness, and consequently encourage the development of theragnosis and the application of precision medicine.
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