异染色质
常染色质
生物
异染色质蛋白1
RNA诱导的转录沉默
遗传学
转座因子
染色质
EZH2型
着丝粒
DNA甲基化
表观遗传学
基因组
核糖核酸
RNA干扰
DNA
基因
染色体
基因表达
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2004.07.003
摘要
Eukaryotic genomes are organized into regions of transcriptionally active euchromatin and transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin. In plant genomes, heterochromatin is marked by methylation of cytosine and methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9. Heterochromatin formation is targeted to transposons as a means of defending the host genome against the deleterious effects of these sequences. Heterochromatin is directed to transposon sequences by transposon-derived aberrant RNA species and functions to prevent unwanted transcription and movement. Formation of heterochromatin at rRNA-encoding genes and centromere-associated repeats might also involve an RNA-based mechanism that is designed to stabilize these potentially labile structures.
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