Topology optimization design for the lightweight endplate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack clamped with bolts

To reduce the mass and improve the uniformity pressure distribution on gas diffusion layer (GDL), a ribbed endplate is proposed as the original model. The endplate is then redesigned using the topology optimization method to maximize its stiffness, minimize the standard deviation of normal displacement of nodes on GDL, and minimize the dual objective parameter. The lightweight endplates are designed based on optimization results, and pressure distribution on GDL of stacks equipped with lightweight endplates is calculated and compared. The weight of endplate is reduced by 14%, and the standard deviation of pressure is reduced by 16.6% at most compared to the original model. A PEMFC stack is composed of 10 unit cells, and the endplate with the best performance is assembled to examine FE results. The experimental data reveal that the trend of pressure distribution and the average pressure along the symmetry axis of tested plane is basically the same with FE results.