Bioactivities and HPLC analysis of secondary metabolites of a morphologically identified endophytic Aspergillus fungus isolated from Mangifera indica

Natural products from Nigerian plants are significant in the search for drug compounds, as they contribute new compounds with biological properties to the fight against resistant pathogens, hence the study. Fresh leaves of M. indica were prepared for fungal isolation, identification, fermentation, and secondary metabolites extraction. The extract, subjected to HPLC analysis revealed the presence of two bioactive compounds: p-Hydroxylbenzoic acid, and Protocatechuic acid. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli producing IZD of 4 mm respectively at 1 mg/ml. It produced an interesting antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay with 86.7% activity at 0.5 mg/ml. At 0.01 mg/ml, the extract showed 85.3% cytotoxic activity against L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells and showed 96.5% ± 0.173 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition activity at 0.25 mg/ml. This study confirms Aspergillus sp. from M. indica produces bioactive compounds that could serve as novel drug molecules in the fight against drug resistance.