Dynamics of a gas bubble penetrating through porous media

Porous media have been widely used for liquid-gas separation, benefiting from the strong capillary force generated from the micro/nanoscale pores. Understanding the flow characteristics in pore scale is significant for the design of porous structure. In this study, a numerical model was established to investigate the dynamics of a bubble penetrating through porous media at the pore scale. The two-phase interface was captured using the diffuse interface method. The influence of pore shape, width, and height on the bubble deformation, velocity, and critical pressure was investigated. For the same pore size, the largest bubble centroid velocity and the highest critical pressure exist in the quadrilateral pores compared rather than in the circular or triangular pores. As the pore width decreases, both the average velocity of the bubble centroid and the critical pressure increase. However, the critical pressure is independent of the pore height. As the pore height increases, the average velocity of the bubble centroid increases. A new correlation of the critical pressure for bubble penetration has been proposed, which is a function of the shape factor, the pore width, and the bubble diameter. The findings of this work can contribute to improving the design of porous media for two-phase separation.