New Progress of Biological 3D Printing Technology

Abstract：Constructing biological tissues and organs in vitro has always been a major problem for medical and engineering communities.Because of complex three-dimensional structure, difficulty in micro-environment control, and low efficiency and repeatability during production, the traditional methods are hard to be used for effective construction of tissues and organs.The printing technology for medical models and biocompatible scaffolds has been well developed, however the relatively rigid manufacturing process limits its expansion in the printing of active biomaterials.The concept of 4D bioprinting technology was proposed lately, focusing on the programmability of deformation control for products, however it still lacks sufficient researches on the responsive materials.3D bioprinting technology with bioactive substances and biocompatible materials as bioinks can realize the construction of personalized organs and tissues rapidly, which exhibits a huge advantage in the formation of complex internal cavities and external structures.This makes 3D bioprinting show a great potential in tissue engineering.This review focuses on the development of key technologies in 3D bioprinting, analyzes the principles and application status of object-oriented (tissues, organs and functional scaffolds) 3D printing technologies, and discusses the challenges and issues need to be faced in the process of development.This work is expected to present reference background for advancing the large-scale development of biological 3D printing technology.