The influence of heredity and environment on human cognitive ability

Aim: The aim of the study is to consists in the theoretical analysis of the results of modern genetic studies of human cognitive abilities as a key to successful education and upbringing. Materials and methods: To solve the tasks and achieve the goal of the article, we used general scientific methods of the theoretical level (analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization of scientific and theoretical data), regarding the influence of heredity and environment on human cognitive ability. Conclusions: Human cognitive abilities develop under the influence of both genetic and environmental factors. In addition, there is also an active interaction between a person’s genotype and his environment, the result of which also affects his cognitive abilities. Different specific cognitive abilities are influenced differently by genes and environment. The regularities of these processes should be known by education leaders, teachers and parents in order to use them in a timely and qualified manner to ensure the most successful education and upbringing of school-aged children.