中枢神经系统
医学
脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症
胎儿酒精综合征
神经化学
怀孕
神经系统
精神科
神经科学
心理学
内科学
生物
遗传学
低钠血症
作者
Maytal Wolfe,A. Srikumar Menon,Maria Oto,Natasha E. Fullerton,John Paul Leach
出处
期刊:Practical Neurology
[BMJ]
日期:2023-06-16
卷期号:23 (4): 273-285
被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1136/pn-2023-003817
摘要
Ethanol use is common to most cultures but with varying doses and to varying extents. While research has focused on the effects on the liver, alcohol exerts a range of actions on the function and structure of the nervous system. In the central nervous system (CNS) it can provoke or exacerbate neurological and psychiatric disease; its effects on the peripheral nervous system are not included in this review. Sustained alcohol intake can predispose to acute neurochemical changes which, with continued ingestion and incomplete treatment, can lead to chronic structural changes in the CNS: these include generalised cortical and cerebellar atrophy, amnesic syndromes such as Korsakoff’s syndrome, and specific white matter disorders such as central pontine myelinolysis and Marchiafava–Bignami syndrome. Alcohol in pregnancy commonly and significantly affects fetal health, though this receives less medical and political attention than other causes of fetal harm. This review looks at the range of disorders that can follow acute or chronic alcohol use, and how these should be managed, and we provide a practical overview on how neurologists might diagnose and manage alcohol addiction.
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