Ultrathin Polyamide Nanofilms with Controlled Microporosity for Enhanced Solvent Permeation

聚酰胺 材料科学 纳滤 化学工程 单体 渗透 多孔性 溶剂 界面聚合 纳米 图层(电子) 气体分离 纳米技术 聚合物 高分子化学 复合材料 有机化学 化学 遗传学 工程类 生物
作者
Hukang Guo,Fupeng Li,Xuerong Shui,Jianyu Wang,Chuanjie Fang,Liping Zhu
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:15 (30): 37077-37085 被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.3c07440
摘要

Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) technology shows reduced energy consumption by almost 90% with great potential in achieving low-carbon separation applications. Polyamide nanofilms with controlled intrinsic and extrinsic structures (e.g., thickness and porosity) are important for achieving such a goal but are technically challenging. Herein, ultrathin polyamide nanofilms with controlled microporosity and morphology were synthesized via a molecular layer deposition method for OSN. The key is that the polyamide synthesis is controlled in a homogenous organic phase, rather than an interface, not only involving no monomer kinetic diffusion but also broadening the applicability of amine monomers. The particular nonplanar and rigid amine monomers were superbly used to increase microporosity and the nanofilm was linearly controlled at the nanometer scale to decrease thickness. The composite membrane with the polyamide nanofilms as separation layers displayed highly superior performance to current counterparts. The ethanol and methanol permeances were up to 5.5 and 14.6 L m–2 h–1 bar–1, respectively, but the molecular weight cutoff was tailored as low as 300 Da. Such separation performance remained almost unchanged during a long-term operation. This work demonstrates a promising alternative that could synergistically control the physicochemical structures of ultrathin selective layers to fabricate high-performance OSN membranes for efficient separations.
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