A Novel Liquid Cooling Battery Thermal Management System With a Cooling Plate Based on Biomimetic Fractal Channels

冷却液 计算机冷却 材料科学 压力降 水冷 入口 电池(电) 传热 机械 分形 热的 强化传热 机械工程 电子设备和系统的热管理 传热系数 功率(物理) 热力学 工程类 物理 数学 数学分析
作者
Zhiguo Tang,Yizhi Xiang,Man Li,Jianping Cheng
出处
期刊:Journal of electrochemical energy conversion and storage [ASM International]
卷期号:21 (4) 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1115/1.4064095
摘要

Abstract An effective battery thermal management system (BTMS) is necessary to quickly release the heat generated by power batteries under a high discharge rate and ensure the safe operation of electric vehicles. Inspired by the biomimetic structure in nature, a novel liquid cooling BTMS with a cooling plate based on biomimetic fractal structure was proposed. By developing the physical model of the BTMS, numerical calculations were conducted to analyze the impacts of the structural parameters of the cooling plate and the inlet velocity of the coolant on the thermal performance of the batteries. The results showed that the cooling plate can meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-temperature uniformity for the batteries under high discharge rates, especially under the extremely uniform channel distribution mode for the adjacent fractal branch at the same level. Moreover, the increase in the group number of fractal branches can improve the cooling capacity of the cooling plate and reduce the pressure drop of the coolant. The increase in the level number of channels, the length ratio, and the inlet velocity of the coolant can enhance the cooling capacity. However, these methods of enhancing heat transfer require more pump power consumption. When the group number of fractal branches is 4, the level number of channels is 3, the length ratio is 1, and the inlet velocity of the coolant is 0.5 m/s, the BTMS can control the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of the batteries under 4C-rate discharge within 31.68 °C and 4.15 °C, respectively. Finally, orthogonal test was conducted on four factors: the group number of fractal branches, the level number of channels, the length ratio, and the inlet velocity of the coolant. The results showed that the level number of branches is the most important structural parameter.
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