磷酸化
转录因子
语义学
生物
细胞生物学
蛋白激酶A
激活转录因子2
激酶
捕食
生物化学
基因
发起人
生态学
基因表达
捕食者
作者
Xin-Le Kang,Matthew P. Yang,Xiaoshuang Cui,Huimin Wang,Le Kang
出处
期刊:Science Advances
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2023-08-25
卷期号:9 (34)
标识
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adi5168
摘要
Warning coloration are common defense strategies used by animals to deter predators. Pestilential gregarious locusts exhibit a notable black-brown pattern as a form of warning coloration. However, the mechanisms regulating this distinctive pattern remain largely unknown. Here, we revealed that the black and brown integuments of locusts are governed by varying amounts of β-carotene and β-carotene–binding protein (βCBP) complexes. β CBP expression is regulated by the bZIP transcription factor activation transcription factor 2 (ATF2), which is activated by protein kinase C alpha in response to crowding. Specifically, ATF2 is phosphorylated at Ser 327 and translocates to the nucleus, where it binds to the β CBP promoter and stimulates overexpression. Differential phosphorylation of ATF2 leads to the divergent black and brown coloration in gregarious locusts. The accumulation of red pigments vital for creating the brown sternum depends on βCBP overexpression. The spatial variation in ATF2 phosphorylation enables locusts to rapidly adapt to changing environment for aposematism.
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