Enhancing warp sizing effect and quality: a comprehensive review of the squeezing process and future research

Warp sizing significantly influences both the efficiency of weaving machines and the overall quality of the woven fabric, playing a crucial role in the weaving preparation process. Ensuring precise control of process parameters and equipment status during the sizing process is essential to maintain desirable sizing quality. This paper clarified the research significance of squeezing from the perspective of its application in warp sizing. Moreover, research advances in the squeezing device, including the structure, material, surface state of squeezing and sizing rollers, the configuration of the squeeze and sizing rollers, the spraying device, the pressurization methods for the squeezing roller, and their influence on sizing performance were reviewed in detail. A comprehensive analysis and summary were conducted to explore the correlations between sizing quality and diverse squeezing technical parameters, encompassing squeezing force, surface hardness of rubber-covered sizing and the squeezing roller, squeezing width, warp speed, and immersion time. In addition, this article also outlines the mathematical models related to the squeezing process and the characterization methods of the squeezing effect. Finally, it offers a glimpse into potential future research directions concerning the squeezing process.