[Comparison of full thread compression cannulated screw and partial thread cannulated screw in treatment of femoral neck fracture].

To compare the effectiveness of full thread compression cannulated screw and partial thread cannulated screw in the treatment of femoral neck fracture.A retrospective analysis was made on 152 patients with femoral neck fractures, who met the selection criteria, between April 2013 and February 2021. The fractures were fixed with the full thread compression cannulated screws in 74 cases (trial group) and the partial thread cannulated screws in 78 cases (control group). There was no significant difference in general data such as age, gender, body mass index, cause of injury, time from injury to operation, and the side, Garden typing, Pauwels typing of fracture between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, follow-up time, and Harris score were recorded in both groups. X-ray films were performed to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction and bone healing, the changes of neck-shaft angle, the changes of femoral neck, as well as the occurrence of internal fixation failure, screw back-out, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head.There was no significant difference in operation time and hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the intraoperative blood loss in the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in both groups were followed up, with the follow-up time of (24.11±4.04) months in the trial group and (24.10±4.42) months in the control group, and the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Postoperative X-ray films showed that there was no significant difference in fracture reduction grading between the two groups (P>0.05). Six cases in the trial group developed bone nonunion and 7 cases in the control group, the fractures of the other patients healed, and the healing time was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of bone nonunion between the two groups (P>0.05). During follow-up, 2 cases in the trial group and 5 cases in the control group had osteonecrosis of the femoral head, the difference was not significant (P>0.05), and the patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head were treated with secondary operation. The screw back-out occurred in 3 cases of the trial group and in 9 cases of the control group, showing no significant difference (P>0.05). But the screw back-out distance was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of internal fixation failure in the trial group (4 cases) was significantly lower than that in the control group (14 cases) (P<0.05). The incidence of femoral neck shortening and the change of neck-shaft angle at 1 year after operation were significantly lower in the trial group than in the control group (P<0.05). The Harris score at last follow-up was significantly higher in the trial group than in the control group (P<0.05).Compared with the partial threaded cannulated screws, the full threaded cannulated compression screws can effectively maintain fracture reduction, avoid femoral neck shortening, and internal fixation failure. It is a better choice for femoral neck fracture.探讨全螺纹空心加压螺钉与部分螺纹空心螺钉治疗股骨颈骨折的疗效差异。.回顾性分析2013年4月—2021年2月收治且符合选择标准的152例股骨颈骨折患者临床资料。其中74例采用全螺纹空心加压螺钉（试验组）、78例采用部分螺纹空心螺钉（对照组）固定骨折。两组患者年龄、性别、身体质量指数、致伤原因、受伤至手术时间以及骨折侧别、Garden分型、Pauwels分型等一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、随访时间以及Harris评分。术后X线片复查，评价骨折复位质量及愈合情况、颈干角变化、股骨颈短缩程度，以及内固定失败、螺钉回退、股骨头坏死发生情况。.两组手术时间、住院时间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但试验组术中出血量少于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者均获随访，其中试验组随访时间为（24.11±4.04）个月、对照组为（24.10±4.42）个月，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。X线片复查示两组骨折复位质量差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。随访期间对照组7例、试验组6例发生骨不连，其余骨折均愈合，且试验组骨折愈合时间较对照组缩短（P<0.05）；两组骨不连发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。随访期间试验组2例、对照组5例发生股骨头坏死，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；对股骨头坏死患者行二次手术。试验组3例、对照组9例发生螺钉回退，发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但试验组螺钉回退距离短于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组4例发生内固定失败，少于对照组（14例），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组术后1年股骨颈短缩发生率及短缩程度、颈干角变化均小于对照组，末次随访时Harris评分高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。.与部分螺纹空心螺钉相比，全螺纹空心加压螺钉可以有效维持骨折复位，避免股骨颈短缩、内固定失败，是股骨颈骨折内固定治疗的一个较好选择。.