Evaporation of active drops: Puncturing drops and particle deposits of ring galaxy patterns

Active drops through active stresses alter drop evaporation dynamics, puncture evaporating drops, and induce an inside-out evaporation. For an active drop with vortex defect, activity can extend contractile drop evaporation lifetimes by 50% and can accelerate extensile drop evaporation by 33%. Non-intuitive deposition patterns emerge due to evaporation induced fluid flows where the fluid is dragged towards both outer and newly formed inner contact lines. Potential applications of such active drop evaporation include enhanced drop longevity in biological contexts and customizable thin film deposits.