High-performance triboelectric nanogenerators with laser-induced graphene pattern for efficient charge transfer

In the realm of self-powered systems, the efficacy of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has garnered significant attention which hold promise for revolutionizing energy supply technologies. However, enhancing their output performance remains a challenge in the field. In this paper, a laser-induced graphene (LIG) pattern was introduced beneath a polyimide (PI) nanofiber membrane, serving as an efficient charge transfer layer (CTL) significantly amplifying the transfer of friction charges, thereby enhancing the charge storage capacity. The inclusion of the LIG pattern in the TENG design has resulted in a remarkable improvement in the outputs. Furthermore, the strategic arrangement of the LIG patterns crucially impacts the charge transfer process, aligned with electrostatic equilibrium principles, and resulting in a structurally stable and cost-effective CTL. When subjected to an external force, the enhanced TENG exhibited a power density sufficient to power small electronics like LED lights and calculators. Finally, wearable self-powered display systems were designed by combing the TENG based on PI nanofiber membranes with the electroluminescent fibers. It is possible to release the functional displays and real-time information transmission, providing an innovative and efficient design idea for the practical application of TENGs as the power supply of microelectronic devices.