Optimization‐Based Stable Balancing Weights Versus Propensity Score Weighting for Samples With High Covariate Imbalance

To compare the performance (covariate balance, effective sample size [ESS]) of stable balancing weights (SBW) versus propensity score weighting (PSW). Two applied cases were used to compare performance: (Case 1) extreme imbalance in baseline covariates between groups and (Case 2) substantial discrepancy in sample size between groups.