Impact behaviour of dry granular flow against baffle structure: coupled effect of Froude and particle characteristics

The baffle design resisting dry granular flow is still impeded by the effect of the particle size distribution coupled with the influence of Froude characteristics on baffle performance – for example, the deceleration process and run-up process. Based on discrete-element method simulation, this study investigated the baffle deceleration and granular flow run-up. Baffle deceleration is controlled by the change of particle contact behaviour behind the baffle slits and is more sensitive to the particle size than the Froude characteristics of granular flow. Although the granular flow run-up height is also affected by the debris–slit interaction, it is mainly dominated by the flow climbing along the baffle, which is more sensitive to the Froude characteristics and stress-transfer mechanism. Bidisperse granular flow has more complex interaction with the baffle compared with monodisperse flow. The effect of material inhomogeneity on baffle performance depends on the particle content. For baffle design, the first array can be considered as a reference. The estimation of the baffle deceleration potential and height with consideration to unsteady dynamics and material inhomogeneity is also presented in this paper.