Auxetic behaviour from rotating rigid units

辅助 变形(气象学) 材料科学 泊松比 变形机理 机制(生物学) 蜂巢 几何学 泊松分布 蜂窝结构 结构工程 机械 复合材料 数学 物理 微观结构 工程类 统计 量子力学
作者
Joseph N. Grima,Andrew Alderson,K. Evans
出处
期刊:Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics [Wiley]
卷期号:242 (3): 561-575 被引量:347
标识
DOI:10.1002/pssb.200460376
摘要

Abstract Auxetic materials exhibit the unexpected feature of becoming fatter when stretched and narrower when compressed, in other words, they exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio. This counter‐intuitive behaviour imparts many beneficial effects on the material's macroscopic properties that make auxetics superior to conventional materials in many commercial applications. Recent research suggests that auxetic be‐haviour generally results from a cooperative effect between the material's internal structure (geometry setup) and the deformation mechanism it undergoes when submitted to a stress. Auxetic behaviour is also known to be scale‐independent, and thus, the same geometry/deformation mechanism may operate at the macro‐, micro‐ and nano‐ (molecular) level. A considerable amount of research has been focused on the ‘re‐entrant honeycomb structure’ which exhibits auxetic behaviour if deformed through hinging at the joints or flexure of the ribs, and it was proposed that this ‘re‐entrant’ geometry plays an impor‐ tant role in generating auxetic behaviour in various forms of materials ranging from nanostructured polymers to foams. This paper discusses an alternative mode of deformation involving ‘rotating rigid units’ which also results in negative Poisson's ratios. In its most ideal form, this mechanism may be construc‐ ted in two dimensions using ‘rigid polygons’ connected together through hinges at their vertices. On application of uniaxial loads, these ‘rigid polygons’ rotate with respect to each other to form a more open structure hence giving rise to a negative Poisson's ratio. This paper also discusses the role that ‘rotating rigid units’ are thought to have in various classes of materials to give rise to negative Poisson's ratios. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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