孕激素
医学
更年期
乳腺癌
雌激素
内科学
激素替代疗法(女性对男性)
内分泌学
孕酮受体
雌激素受体
激素疗法
激素
随机对照试验
生理学
肿瘤科
癌症
睾酮(贴片)
作者
Anne Gompel,Geneviève Plu‐Bureau
出处
期刊:Climacteric
[Informa]
日期:2018-06-01
卷期号:21 (4): 326-332
被引量:30
标识
DOI:10.1080/13697137.2018.1476483
摘要
Breast cancer is the main risk associated with menopause hormone therapy (MHT). It is a hormone-dependent cancer. In postmenopausal women, about 80% of cases are estradiol receptor-positive. In cohort studies only estradiol receptor-positive breast cancers are promoted by MHT. Different levels of risk with estrogen-only treatment and combined treatment with estrogen + progestin are shown in randomized trials and observational studies. Several non-randomized studies show a lower risk with progesterone and retroprogesterone than with synthetic progestins. Progesterone and progestin are non-selective ligands for the progesterone receptor and bind also with other steroid receptors, with agonistic or antagonistic effects according to the structure of the molecule. Their half-life and metabolism are also different, progesterone being rapidly degraded with a short half-life. These aspects will be discussed in this review.
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