对映选择合成
环丙烷化
化学
烯丙基重排
手性(物理)
催化作用
组合化学
联吡啶
位阻效应
亲核细胞
有机化学
立体化学
手征异常
物理
晶体结构
量子力学
费米子
Nambu–Jona Lasinio模型
作者
A. V. Mal’kov,Pavel Kočovský
标识
DOI:10.2174/1385272033486215
摘要
The current review presents a systematic outline of the types of chiral bipyridines known to-date, in particular the methods of their preparation and their application in selected catalytic enantioselective processes. The first part deals with the main structural types of chiral bipyridines, based on the topological origin of chirality of these systems, namely central, axial, planar, and helical, or any combination of these. The sp2 nitrogens can be oxidised to the corresponding N-oxides, and that not only alters the electronic and steric properties of the system but also allows different modes of coordination. The synthetic approaches are illustrated for each structural type. Several applications of chiral bipyridine derivatives in enantioselective catalysis are reviewed. The most successful transformations where chiral bipyridine-type compounds are employed as the ligands, include copper-catalysed cyclopropanation and allylic oxidation, and palladium- catalysed allylic substitution. Enantioselective nucleophilic catalysis is a new emerging area where chiral bypiridine N-oxides have recently made a considerable impact; a substantial progress has been made in the enantioselective allylation of aromatic aldehydes with allyltrichlorosilanes. Keywords: chiral bipyridine derivatives, asymmetric catalysis, bipyridines, catalytic enantioselective processes, bipyridine derivatives, enantioselective catalysis, copper-catalysed cyclopropanation, allylic oxidation, chiral bypiridine n-oxides, enantioselective allylation
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