Fungal dysbiosis: immunity and interactions at mucosal barriers

失调 菌类 生物 免疫 免疫系统 免疫学 微生物群 微生物学 肠道菌群 遗传学 生态学
作者
Iliyan D. Iliev,Irina Leonardi
出处
期刊:Nature Reviews Immunology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:17 (10): 635-646 被引量:244
标识
DOI:10.1038/nri.2017.55
摘要

Fungi and mammals share a co-evolutionary history and are involved in a complex web of interactions. Studies focused on commensal bacteria suggest that pathological changes in the microbiota, historically known as dysbiosis, are at the root of many inflammatory diseases of non-infectious origin. However, the importance of dysbiosis in the fungal community - the mycobiota - was only recently acknowledged to have a pathological role, as novel findings have suggested that mycobiota disruption can have detrimental effects on host immunity. Fungal dysbiosis and homeostasis are dynamic processes that are probably more common than actual fungal infections, and therefore constantly shape the immune response. In this Review, we summarize specific mycobiota patterns that are associated with fungal dysbiosis, and discuss how mucosal immunity has evolved to distinguish fungal infections from dysbiosis and how it responds to these different conditions. We propose that gut microbiota dysbiosis is a collective feature of complex interactions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities that can affect immunity and that can influence health and disease.
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