Critical evaluation and thermodynamic modeling of the Al–Mn–O (Al2O3–MnO–Mn2O3) system

In the present study, a complete thermodynamic description of the Mn–Al–O (MnO–Mn2O3–Al2O3) system has been carried out. All the experimental phase diagram data from metal saturation to 1 atm oxygen partial pressure, thermodynamic data for spinel and liquid phases and structural data for spinel were critically evaluated and optimized in order to obtain Gibbs energies of all phases as functions of temperature and composition. The MnAl2O4–Mn3O4 spinel solution was modeled using the Compound Energy Formalism considering the cation distribution between tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The slag phase was described using the Modified Quasichemical Model considering both, the Mn2+ and Mn3+ species.