Pralatrexate for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL): Chance Only Supports The Prepared Mind

医学 外周T细胞淋巴瘤 淋巴瘤 T细胞淋巴瘤 肿瘤科 甲氨蝶呤 药理学 癌症 内科学 T细胞 免疫学 免疫系统
作者
Serdar Altınay,Alev Kural,Aykut Özmen,Deniz Tural,Yusuf Sert
出处
期刊:Anti-cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry [Bentham Science]
卷期号:23 (3): 298-305 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.2174/1871520622666220610151603
摘要

Due to their primary effects on DNA synthesis, antimetabolites are most effective against actively dividing cells and are significantly specific to the cell cycle phase. Pralatrexate (PDX), an antifolate metabolite designed to accumulate in cancer cells, was the first new agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of resistant/recurrent peripheral T-cell lymphomas. PDX was a drug that is frequently used not only for PTCL, but also for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), extranodal natural killer (NK) / T-cell lymphoma.This article reviews Pralatrexate's history, pharmacokinetics, clinical phase studies including phases I, II and III, types of cancers it is effective on, drug side effects, inhibition mechanism and even its use in the treatment of other cancers with innovative methods, including its antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.A comprehensive internet-based research was planned, covering all published and unpublished studies on the subject. We conducted this review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and metaanalysis (PRISMA-P), and Cochrane Collaboration reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The results of the studies in the articles were recorded to include all phase studies.Pralatrexate was structurally designed to have enhanced cellular transport via RFC (reduced folate carrier type) and be subject to more polyglutamation compared to methotrexate. The enhanced polyglutamylation ability of pralatrexate is associated with increased tumor cell death and ultimately improved anticancer activity. Pralatrexate is considered a promising drug for patients with recurrent and treatment-resistant PTCL with a good survival advantage. At the same time, it is an antifolate agent with a significant advantage over methotrexate as it does not cause myelosuppression.While there are manageable side effects such as thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and mucositis, it is critical to explore new approaches, targeted agents, novel cellular therapies, and immunotherapies to determine optimal pretreatment in the rare but heterogeneous disease PTCL, and future studies and experienced haematologists are needed.
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