肝细胞癌
医学
肝硬化
甲胎蛋白
肝移植
肝癌
生物标志物
免疫原性
癌症
内科学
癌胚抗原
肿瘤科
癌
移植
胃肠病学
癌症研究
免疫疗法
免疫学
免疫系统
生物
肿瘤相关抗原
生物化学
作者
Xin Hu,Ronggao Chen,Qiang Wei,Xiao Xu
摘要
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and has been acknowledged as a leading cause of death among cirrhosis patients. Difficulties in early diagnosis and heterogeneity are obstacles to effective treatment, especially for advanced HCC. Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the best therapy for HCC. Although many biomarkers are being proposed, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was identified over 60 years ago, remains the most utilized. Recently, much hope has been placed in the immunogenicity of AFP to develop novel therapies, such as AFP vaccines and AFP-specific adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT). This review summarizes the performance of AFP as a biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis, as well as its correlation with molecular classes. In addition, the role of AFP in LT is also described. Finally, we highlight the mechanism and application prospects of two immune therapies (AFP vaccine and ACT) for HCC. In general, our review points out the prevalence of AFP in HCC, accompanied by some controversies and novel directions for future research.
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