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Comparison of Odorant Specificity of Two Human Olfactory Receptors from Different Phylogenetic Classes and Evidence for Antagonism

系统发育树 生物 嗅觉 嗅觉感受器 气味 嗅觉系统 受体 碳链 动物 进化生物学 神经科学 遗传学 化学 基因 有机化学
作者
Guenhaël Sanz
出处
期刊:Chemical Senses [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:30 (1): 69-80 被引量:177
标识
DOI:10.1093/chemse/bji002
摘要

Humans are able to detect and discriminate myriads of odorants using only several hundred olfactory receptors (ORs) classified in two major phylogenetic classes representing ORs from aquatic (class I) and terrestrial animals (class II). Olfactory perception results in a combinatorial code, in which one OR recognizes multiple odorants and different odorants are recognized by different combinations of ORs. Moreover, recent data suggest that odorants could also behave as antagonists for other ORs, thus making the combinatorial coding more complex. Here we describe the odorant repertoires of two human ORs belonging to class I and class II, respectively. For this purpose, we set up an assay based on calcium imaging in which 100 odorants were screened using air-phase odorant stimulation at physiological doses. We showed that the human class I OR52D1 is functional, exhibiting a narrow repertoire related to that of its orthologous murine OR, demonstrating than this human class I OR is not an evolutionary relic. The class II OR1G1 was revealed to be broadly tuned towards odorants of 9–10 carbon chain length, with diverse functional groups. The existence of antagonist odorants for the class II OR was also demonstrated. They are structurally related to the agonists, with shorter carbon chain length.
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