[Liver cancer epidemiology in China, 2015].

Objective: Using updated population-based cancer registration (PBCR) data, we estimated nation-wide liver cancer statistics overall, by sex and by areas in China. Methods: Qualified PBCR data of liver cancer in 2015 which met the data quality criteria were stratified by geographical locations, sex, and age groups. Age-specific incidence and mortality rates by sex and area were calculated. The burden of liver cancer was evaluated by multiplying these rates by the year of 2015 population. Chinese standard population in 2000 and World Segi's population were used for the calculation of age-standardized rates (ASR) of incidence and mortality. Results: Qualified 368 cancer registries covered a total of 309 553 499 populations in China, accounting for 22.52% of the national population. It is estimated that there were 370 000 new cases (274 000 males and 96 000 females) of liver cancer in China. The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASR China) and World Segi's population (ASR World) were 17.64 per 100 000 and 17.35 per 100 000, respectively. Rural areas showed higher incidence (ASR China: 20.07 per 100 000, ASR World: 19.67 per 100 000) than urban areas (ASR China: 15.90 per 100 000, ASR world: 15.67 per 100 000). Subgroup analysis showed that western areas of China had highest incidence rate of liver cancer, with the ASR China of 20.65 per 100 000 and 20.22 per 100 000 for ASR world, respectively. For new cases of liver cancer deaths, there were 326 000 new deaths (242 000 males and 84 000 females) in China, with age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population and World Segi's population of 15.33 per 100 000 and 15.09 per 100 000, respectively. Rural areas showed higher mortality (ASR China: 17.17 per 100 000, ASR world: 16.86 per 100 000) than urban areas (ASR China: 14.00 per 100 000, ASR World: 13.81 per 100 000). Conclusions: There is still a heavy burden of liver cancer in China. Rural residents have higher incidence and mortality of liver cancer compared with urban counterparts. It is likely that many factors such as hepatitis virus infection, and aflatoxin exposure play a dominating role. Prevention and control strategies should be enhanced in the future.目的： 根据全国各登记处上报的恶性肿瘤登记资料，估计2015年中国肝癌发病与死亡情况。 方法： 收集整理全国501个登记处上报的2015年肿瘤登记数据，通过数据质量的审核和评估，按地理位置(东部、中部、西部或城市、农村)、性别和年龄等因素分层，计算各肝癌患者的发病率和死亡率，结合2015年全国人口数据估计全国肝癌发病、死亡负担。标化率的人口分别采用2000年全国普查人口(中标率)和Segi′s世界标准人口(世标率)计算。 结果： 2015年368个登记处符合中国肿瘤登记年报纳入标准，覆盖人口309 553 499人，占全国2015年年末人口的22.52%。估计全国肝癌新发病例数约为37.0万(男性27.4万，女性9.6万)，中标率为17.64/10万，世标率为17.35/10万。农村地区发病率(中标率20.07/10万，世标率19.67/10万)高于城市地区(中标率15.90/10万，世标率15.67/10万)。按东部、中部、西部地区分析，西部地区发病率最高，中标率为20.65/10万，世标率为20.22/10万。估计2015年全国因肝癌死亡人数约为32.6万(男性24.2万，女性8.4万)，中标率为15.33/10万，世标率为15.09/10万。农村地区死亡率(中标率17.17/10万，世标率16.86/10万)高于城市地区(中标率14.00/10万，世标率13.81/10万)。 结论： 中国肝癌疾病负担沉重，呈现明显的性别差异和地区差异，需结合肝癌流行实际情况，精准施策，有针对性地开展肝癌防控工作。.