Identifying the Mechanisms behind the Positive Feedback Loop between Nitrogen Cycling and Algal Blooms in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake

富营养化 反硝化 硝化作用 水华 环境科学 氮气循环 自行车 生物地球化学循环 环境化学 生态系统 沉积物 水柱 生态学 氮气 营养物 化学 浮游植物 生物 地质学 地貌学 考古 有机化学 历史
作者
Yu Yao,Huaji Liu,Ruiming Han,Dujun Li,Limin Zhang
出处
期刊:Water [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:13 (4): 524-524 被引量:9
标识
DOI:10.3390/w13040524
摘要

Algal blooms have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration in response to nitrogen (N) cycling in freshwater ecosystems. We conducted a high-resolution sedimentary study of N transformation and its associated microbial activity in Lake Taihu to assess the accumulation rates of the different N fractions in response to algal blooms, aiming to understand the mechanisms of N cycling in lacustrine environments. Downcore nitrification and denitrification processes were measured simultaneously in situ via diffusive gradients in thin-films technique, peeper, and microelectrode devices in a region of intensified algal blooms of shallow lake. The decomposition of different biomasses of algal blooms did not change the main controlling factor on different N fractions in profundal sediment. However, the decomposition of different algal biomasses led to significant differences in the nitrification and denitrification processes at the sediment–water interface (SWI). Low algal biomasses facilitated the classic process of N cycling, with the balanced interaction between nitrification and denitrification. However, the extreme hypoxia under high algal biomasses significantly limited nitrification at the SWI, which in turn, restricted denitrification due to the lack of available substrates. Our high-resolution results combined with estimates of apparent diffusion fluxes of the different N fractions inferred that the lack of substrates for denitrification was the main factor influencing the positive feedback loop between N and eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems. Moreover, this positive feedback can become irreversible without technological intervention.
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