Effect of polarity on beam and plasma target formation in a dense plasma focus

物理 等离子体 稠密等离子体焦点 原子物理学 德拜鞘层 离子 梁(结构) 等离子体参数 电子 电离 等离子体诊断 光学 沟道等离子体 离子束 极性(国际关系)
作者
Sheng Jiang,Drew Higginson,A. Link,I. Holod,Andrea Schmidt
出处
期刊:Physics of Plasmas [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:26 (4): 042702- 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1063/1.5048423
摘要

Dense plasma focus (DPF) devices are conventionally operated with a polarity such that the inner electrode (IE) is the anode. It has been found that interchanging the polarity of the electrodes (i.e., IE as the cathode) can cause an order of magnitude decrease in the neutron yield. This polarity riddle has previously been studied empirically through several experiments and is yet not well understood. We have performed kinetic simulations using the particle-in-cell modeling to investigate the problem. This is the first time that both polarities have been studied with simulations in great detail. In our simulations, we have modeled the entire beam and plasma target formation processes, but we did not consider differences in break-down conditions caused by the two polarities. We have found that when using reverse polarity ions are still accelerated and, in fact, attain similar energy spectra as in the standard polarity case. The difference is that the fields are flipped and thus ions are accelerated in the opposite direction. So, in the reverse polarity case, the majority of the “plasma target” (formed by the imploding plasma) is in the opposite direction of the beam, and thus, the beam hits the IE and produces few neutrons. With a better inner electrode configuration, reverse polarity is able to create a high-quality ion beam as well as a high-density target. Both can be comparable to that generated by standard polarity. Furthermore, we will show that it is easier to add an additional solid catcher target to a DPF device with reverse polarity, potentially enabling it to generate more neutrons than standard polarity.
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