聚乙烯吡咯烷酮
阳极
材料科学
多孔性
碳纤维
电化学
纳米技术
电子转移
化学工程
储能
阴极
超级电容器
动力学
化学
复合数
电极
复合材料
高分子化学
有机化学
工程类
物理化学
功率(物理)
物理
量子力学
作者
Xiaohua Zhang,Chao Jiang,Jixin Zhao,Baosheng Liu,Tengda Wang,Hengxiang Li,Wei‐Qun Shi,Xinxin Zhao,Xiaoyan Yan,Yanzhen Liu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.181
摘要
The imbalances of storage capacity and reaction kinetics between carbonaceous cathodes and zinc (Zn) anodes restrict the widespread application of Zn-ion hybrid capacitor (ZIHC). Structure optimization is a promising strategy for carbon materials to achieve sufficient Zn2+ storage sites and satisfied ion–electron kinetics. Herein, porous graphitic carbon nanosheets (PGCN) were simply synthesized using a K3[Fe(C2O4)3]- and urea-assisted foaming strategy with polyvinylpyrrolidone as carbon precursor, followed by activation and graphitization. Sufficient pores with well-matched pore sizes (0.80–1.94 nm) distributed across the carbon nanosheets can effectively shorten mass-transfer distance, promoting accessibility to active sites. A partially graphitic carbon structure with high graphitization degree can accelerate electron transfer. Furthermore, high nitrogen doping (7.2 at.%) provides additional Zn2+ storage sites to increase storage capacity. Consequently, a PGCN-based ZIHC has an exceptional specific capacity of 181 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, superb energy density of 145 Wh kg−1, and excellent cycling ability without capacity decay over 10,000 cycles. In addition, the flexible solid-state device assembled with PGCN exhibits excellent electrochemical performances even when bent at various angles. This study proposes a straightforward and economical strategy to construct porous graphitic carbon nanosheets with enhanced storage capacity and fast reaction kinetics for the high performance of ZIHC.
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