Climate forcing controls on carbon terrestrial fluxes during shale weathering

生物地球化学循环 风化作用 环境科学 碳循环 生物地球化学 风化土 土壤科学 大气科学 地球科学 水文学(农业) 地质学 环境化学 生态系统 化学 地貌学 生态学 生物 物理 岩土工程 天体生物学
作者
Lucien Stolze,Bhavna Arora,Dipankar Dwivedi,Carl I. Steefel,Toshiyuki Bandai,Yuxin Wu,Peter Nico
出处
期刊:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [National Academy of Sciences]
卷期号:121 (27)
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2400230121
摘要

Climate influences near-surface biogeochemical processes and thereby determines the partitioning of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in shale, and yet the controls on carbon (C) weathering fluxes remain poorly constrained. Using a dataset that characterizes biogeochemical responses to climate forcing in shale regolith, we implement a numerical model that describes the effects of water infiltration events, gas exchange, and temperature fluctuations on soil respiration and mineral weathering at a seasonal timescale. Our modeling approach allows us to quantitatively disentangle the controls of transient climate forcing and biogeochemical mechanisms on C partitioning. We find that ~3% of soil CO 2 (1.02 mol C/m 2 /y) is exported to the subsurface during large infiltration events. Here, net atmospheric CO 2 drawdown primarily occurs during spring snowmelt, governs the aqueous C exports (61%), and exceeds the CO 2 flux generated by pyrite and petrogenic organic matter oxidation (~0.2 mol C/m 2 /y). We show that shale CO 2 consumption results from the temporal coupling between soil microbial respiration and carbonate weathering. This coupling is driven by the impacts of hydrologic fluctuations on fresh organic matter availability and CO 2 transport to the weathering front. Diffusion-limited transport of gases under transient hydrological conditions exerts an important control on CO 2(g) egress patterns and thus must be considered when inferring soil CO 2 drawdown from the gas phase composition. Our findings emphasize the importance of seasonal climate forcing in shaping the net contribution of shale weathering to terrestrial C fluxes and suggest that warmer conditions could reduce the potential for shale weathering to act as a CO 2 sink.
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