Techno-economic analysis of electrochemical hydrogen production coupled with alternative oxidation

Water electrolysis, a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to fossil-fuel-based hydrogen production, is gaining prominence for its high-purity hydrogen output. However, the current practical application of hydrogen production from water electrolysis is hampered by low efficiency and high costs. Recent advances in high-efficiency cathodic and anodic electrocatalysts have markedly enhanced hydrogen production efficiency. Furthermore, electrochemical hydrogen evolution coupled with alternative oxidation, offers a pathway to reduce energy consumption and costs. For the widespread industrial adoption of water electrolysis, it is imperative to not only develop high-efficiency electrocatalysts and coupling systems but also to integrate techno-economic analysis into the process. In this review, we present a detailed techno-economic analysis of existing water electrolysis systems, evaluating their industrial viability. Our analysis delves into aspects such as energy consumption, chemical and equipment costs, and more. We specifically scrutinize the feasibility of hydrogen production from water electrolysis and the potential of electrochemical hydrogen evolution, particularly when coupled with alternative oxidation processes like alcohol or aldehyde oxidation reactions. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, we discuss future directions in hydrogen production technology, focusing on advancements in electrocatalyst synthesis, selection of coupling reactions, and optimization of equipment.