IDDF2023-ABS-0026 Global, regional, and national trends in incidence of inflammatory bowel disease: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) imposes a substantial burden on governments and healthcare systems. Understanding the global pattern and temporal trends of IBD is crucial for initiating more targeted preventative and therapeutic strategies for the disease. This study aimed to determine the geographical variation of IBD incidence from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

Detailed information on IBD during the past three decades from 204 countries and territories was collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) and the number of incident cases were calculated to reflect the incidence patterns of IBD on a global scale. The temporal trend of the estimates was quantified by average annual percent change (AAPC) over the study period using a join-point regression model.

Results

Despite the decreasing trend in ASR from 1990 to 2019 (AAPC = -0.32, 95%CI: -0.39 to -0.26, (IDDF2023-ABS-0026 Figure 1. AAPC in ASR or IBD incidence for 204 countries and territories 1990-2019). Global AAPC in ASR of IBD incidence, 1990-2019), the number of new IBD cases increased globally (AAPC = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.06 to 1.16, (IDDF2023-ABS-0026 Figure 2. AAPC in the number or IBD incident cases for 204 countries and territories 1990 and 2019). Global AAPC in the number of IBD incident cases, 1990-2019). The most remarkable increase in ASR was observed in East Asia (AAPC = 2.48, 95%CI: 2.33 to 2.63), with the highest in Taiwan, China (AAPC = 3.20, 95%CI: 2.68 to 3.73). While the most pronounced increase in IBD incident cases was found in Qatar (AAPC = 8.24, 95%CI: 7.99 to 8.49). When classified by socio-demographic index (SDI), ASR of IBD decreased in high-middle and high SDI regions but rapidly increased in middle SDI regions over time (AAPC = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.87 to 1.05). Regions with low SDI experienced the most rapidly growing IBD incident cases from 2009 to 2019 (AAPC = 3.07, 95%CI: 2.99 to 3.15), especially for Central Sub-Saharan Africa (AAPC = 3.90, 95%CI: 3.82 to 3.99).

Conclusions

The incidence patterns of IBD varied considerably across the world over the past 30 years. We observed an unfavorable trend in several ''high-risk' countries and regions. Our findings emphasize the need for a geographically specific allocation of healthcare resources to tackle IBD.