Off-grid solar PV–wind power–battery–water electrolyzer plant: Simultaneous optimization of component capacities and system control

光伏系统 按来源划分的电力成本 环境科学 资本成本 汽车工程 发电成本 独立电源系统 风力发电 电池(电) 投资回收期 可再生能源 光伏并网发电系统 工艺工程 环境工程 工程类 发电 电气工程 光伏 分布式发电 功率(物理) 最大功率点跟踪 生产(经济) 物理 量子力学 逆变器 电压 经济 宏观经济学
作者
Alejandro Ibáñez-Rioja,Lauri Järvinen,Pietari Puranen,Antti Kosonen,Vesa Ruuskanen,Katja Hynynen,Jero Ahola,Pertti Kauranen
出处
期刊:Applied Energy [Elsevier]
卷期号:345: 121277-121277 被引量:27
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121277
摘要

Green hydrogen production systems will play an important role in the energy transition from fossil-based fuels to zero-carbon technologies. This paper investigates a concept of an off-grid alkaline water electrolyzer plant integrated with solar photovoltaic (PV), wind power, and a battery energy storage system (BESS). The operation of the plant is simulated over 30 years with 5 min time resolution based on measured power generation data collected from a solar photovoltaic installation and a wind farm located in southeastern Finland. Levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is calculated based on the capital expenditures (CAPEX), the operating expenses (OPEX), and the respective learning curves for each of the components. Component degradation and replacements during the operational lifetime are included in the model, and the capacity of the components and the system control are simultaneously optimized to obtain the minimum LCOH. A sensitivity analysis performed over different installation years and discount rates reveals that for the off-grid alkaline system, the implementation of a wind farm as the sole power supply is the most economical solution until the installation years 2035–2040. Solar PV and a BESS are found to increase the full-load hours of the electrolyzer and reduce the electricity curtailed in the off-grid plant to less than 8%. However, with the current component prices and the climate in the studied region, they are not economically beneficial. It is found that the cost of hydrogen can be reduced to 2 €/kg by the year 2030.

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