Low-Voltage Haze Tuning with Cellulose-Network Liquid Crystal Gels

材料科学 纳米纤维素 透射率 液晶 玻璃 光电子学 光学 折射率 电场 电压 薄雾 复合材料 纤维素 电气工程 物理 工程类 量子力学 气象学 化学工程
作者
Souvik Ghosh,Eldho Abraham,Ivan I. Smalyukh
出处
期刊:ACS Nano [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:17 (20): 19767-19778
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.3c03693
摘要

Being key components of the building envelope, glazing products with tunable optical properties are in great demand because of their potential for boosting energy efficiency and privacy features while enabling the main function of allowing natural light indoors. However, windows and skylights with electric switching of haze and transparency are rare and often require high voltages or electric currents, as well as not fully meet the stringent technical requirements for glazing applications. Here, by introducing a predesigned gel material we describe an approach dubbed "Haze-Switch" that involves low-voltage tuning of the haze coefficient in a broad range of 2-90% while maintaining high visible-range optical transmittance. The approach is based on a nanocellulose fiber gel network infiltrated by a nematic liquid crystal, which can be switched between polydomain and monodomain spatial patterns of optical axis via a dielectric coupling between the nematic domains and the applied external electric field. By utilizing a nanocellulose network of nanofibers ∼10 nm in diameter we achieve <10 V dielectric switching and <2% haze in the clear state, as needed for applications in window products. We characterize physical properties relevant to window and smart glass technologies, like the color rendering index, haze coefficient, and switching times, demonstrating that our material and envisaged products can meet the stringent requirements of the glass industry, including applications such as privacy windows, skylights, sunroofs, and daylighting.
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