Applying ethical theories to the decision-making of self-driving vehicles: A systematic review and integration of the literature

• 101 publications that cover the integration of ethical theories into the software of self-driving vehicles are synthesized. • Advantages and disadvantages of applying particular ethical theories to the decision-making of self-driving vehicles are identified. • No single theory is sufficient to meet all social, moral/legal, and functional considerations; instead, hybrid approaches are necessary to counteract tradeoffs. • A summarizing model of applying and integrating ethical theories to decision-making of self-driving vehicles is derived.