Multi‐Mode Vibrational Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Broadband Energy Harvesting and Utilization in Smart Transmission Lines

Abstract The advantages of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) in environmental energy harvesting and utilization determine that they have great development potential in the digital application of power grids. This work focuses on the harvesting and utilization of vibration energy from transmission lines, specifically in the context of breeze vibrations and sub‐span oscillations. To this end, this work proposes a novel multi‐mode vibrational triboelectric nanogenerator (MV‐TENG) and three smart transmission line application strategies based on the MV‐TENG. The MV‐TENG design consists of an S‐beam to broaden the frequency response range by reducing high‐order modal frequencies, and a pair of allegro electrodes to efficiently harvest horizontal and vertical vibration energy. The MV‐TENG demonstrates the capability to harvest vibration energy within a range of 1–3.5 Hz horizontally and 4 Hz, 9–60 Hz vertically, covering the occurrence range of breeze vibrations and sub‐span oscillations of transmission line effectively. Three application strategies include self‐powered tower obstacle alerting, temperature and humidity online monitoring, and high‐temperature wireless warning of transmission lines based on MV‐TENG. In summary, this work presents a comprehensive implementation scheme for digitally integrating TENGs into smart transmission lines, thereby facilitating the engineering development of TENG technology in grid systems.