A review on the synthesis, properties, and applications of biomass derived carbon dots

Carbon dots (CDs), a novel member of the carbon family with a size of less than 10 nm, have attracted the scientific community during the past few years due to their unique properties such as easy and cost-effective preparation, photoluminescence, water solubility, and low toxicity. Because of these unique properties, CDs have been widely used in different fields. One-pot syntheses made entirely of renewable raw materials are becoming increasingly popular in preference to conventional methods that depend on harsh chemicals. The area of green synthesis of CDs is gaining much research attention. This review details the synthesis of carbon dots from green sources such as plants and plant parts, their characterization, the effect of doping, and various applications.