Dynamic self-assembly of small molecules enables the spontaneous fabrication of hole conductors at perovskite/electrode interfaces for over 22% stable inverted perovskite solar cells

Facile spontaneous fabrication of HTL and perovskite surface passivation are strategically developed via bilateral movement of self-assembled molecules from perovskite solution. Perovskite solar cells achieve a record-high efficiency of 22.2% and long-term stability over 2750 h.