Combined peripheral blood monocyte count and white blood cell count as a guide for successful one‐day autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection

Abstract Introduction Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) are the most common source of stem cell transplantation, which depends on an adequate number of CD34+ cells. Although pre‐apheresis CD34+ cell count is a standard guide for the collection, it is not always available. This study aimed to evaluate complete blood count parameters for predicting successful one‐day autologous PBSC collection. Methods Data from the patients who underwent autologous PBSC collection at a tertiary care hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results There were 123 patients (185 leukapheresis procedures). Successful PBSC collection (CD34+ cells ≥4.0 × 10 6 cells/kg) was obtained in 85 patients (69.1%), of which 55 (44.7%) were successfully obtained on the first day. The median CD34+ collection efficiency was 44.1%. The mean platelet loss during apheresis was 39.9%. The adverse event rate was 18.9%. Patients in whom PBSCs were collected within one day were less likely to experience adverse effects related to leukapheresis. Pre‐apheresis CD34+ cells ≥10 cells/μLand combined white blood cell (WBC) counts ≥5 × 10 9 /L and/or monocyte ≥10% were independently associated with the successful one‐day PBSC collection (adjusted odds ratio 24.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.30–109.10, p < 0.001; and 6.94, 95% CI 1.35–35.79, p = 0.021, respectively). Only pre‐apheresis CD34+ cells had a strong correlation with the total stem cell yield. Conclusions To reduce the complication of leukapheresis, the combined pre‐apheresis WBC ≥5 × 10 9 /L and/or monocyte ≥10% is a practical parameter to initiate a successfully one‐day PBSC collection with or without pre‐apheresis CD34+ cell results.