Changes of the Buccal Fat Pad Volume According to the Different Age Groups, Gender, and Body Mass Index: An Evaluation With Computed Tomography

Objectives We investigated volumetric changes in buccal fat pad (BFP) in age groups and sexes by cranial or neck computed tomography (CT) or cranial CT angiography. Methods One hundred twenty patients underwent cranial or neck CT examinations or cranial CT angiography were retrospectively screened: 18–29 years old (group 1), 30–49 years old (group 2), and 50 years and older (group 3). Left buccal fat tissue measurements were performed in age groups, sexes, and body mass index (BMI) groups. Results Left buccal fat volume in the 30–49 age group and the ≥50 age group was significantly higher than that in the 18–29 age group ( P < 0.05). Across all groups and specifically within the 18–29 age group, females exhibited significantly lower buccal fat volume than males ( P < 0.05). The left buccal fat volume of individuals classified as overweight and obese was significantly higher than that of the underweight and normal weight groups. There was a negative relationship between buccal fat volume and fat density. Moreover, as age increased, within age groups 1 to 3, there was a notable increase in body weight, body length, BMI, and BMI groups (underweight and normal weight to obesity), accompanied by a significant rise in buccal fat volume. Conversely, fat density exhibited a significant decrease with advancing age. Conclusions Buccal fat volume, localized in the middle third of the face, increased with aging and increasing BMI values. Young females had lower buccal fat volume. Buccal fat tissue volume is important in facial rejuvenation procedures such as facial filler applications.