Rigorous Parallax Observation Model-based Remote Sensing Panchromatic and Multispectral Images Jitter Distortion Correction for Time Delay Integration Cameras

Time delay integration charge-coupled device (TDI CCD) is sensitive to the platform's stability during push-broom imaging. Due to variations in total integration time, panchromatic and multispectral images suffer varying degrees of geometric distortion caused by satellite jitter with high frequency, which leads to different inner distortion in different band images and different band-to-band mismatching errors between different band combinations. To address this problem, this paper proposes a rigorous parallax observation model considering multi-stage integration time and presents a jitter distortion correction method for remote sensing panchromatic and multispectral images captured by TDI cameras based on it. First, the law of the amplitude attenuation and phase offset of platform jitter deviation on the image under different TDI stages is determined through simulation verification. Then, the rigorous parallax observation model is proposed to establish an accurate relationship between the relative jitter error of two multispectral images with multi-stage integration and the absolute single-stage integration jitter error by introducing the amplitude attenuation factor and phase offset. Finally, the jitter distortion curves of images with different integration stages and integration time can be reconstructed based on the estimated absolute jitter error and the imaging parameters. Subsequently, the jitter distortion can be further corrected by image resampling. The proposed method was verified through both simulation and real data experiments using GaoFen-9 satellite images. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively correct high-frequency jitter distortion in panchromatic and multispectral images, which cannot be corrected by traditional single-stage integration jitter detection model.